Table 2. List of genes that have previously been implicated as tumour suppressors among the 85 genes hypermethylated in YSTs.
| Genes | Tumour type | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| RASSF1 | Testicular germ cell tumour; nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Honorio et al (2003); Koul et al (2004); Lind et al (2006); Wang et al (2009) |
| HOXA9 | Breast cancer, testicular cancer | Lind et al (2006); Gilbert et al (2010) |
| SCGB3A1 | Breast cell lines; mouse transformed Clara cells; testicular cancer | Krop et al (2005); Lind et al (2006); Tomita et al (2009) |
| ESR1 | Squamous cell carcinoma | Zhai et al (2010) |
| SLC22A3 | Prostate cancer | Tomlins et al (2007) |
| PYCARD/ASC/TMS | Leukemia-derived cell lines; colon adenocarcinoma and stomach cancer cell lines | Calvanese et al (2008); Mhyre et al (2009); Motani et al (2010) |
| WNT2 | Colorectal cancer | Shi et al (2007) |
| HIC1 | Paediatric neoplasm; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | Rathi et al (2003); Koul et al (2004); Brieger et al (2010) |
| APC | Testicular germ cell tumour; invasive ductal carcinoma | Honorio et al (2003); Cho et al (2010) |
| IRF5 | Gastric cancer | Yamashita et al (2010) |
| SLIT2 | Lung cancer; glioma cell | Tseng et al (2010); Yiin et al (2009) |
| TFAP2C | Human extravillious throphoblast cell; breast adenocarcinoma | Li et al (2006); Kotani et al (2009) |
| SLC5A8 | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | Bennett et al (2009) |
| CASP8 | Neuroblastoma | Hoebeeck et al (2009) |
| FES | Mouse mast cells; colorectal Cancer | Shaffer and Smithgall (2009); Voisset et al (2010) |
| WT1 | Ovarian clear–cell adenocarcinoma; gastric, lung, fibrosarcoma, glioblastoma | Kaneuchi et al (2005); Tatsumi et al (2008) |
| CDH13 | Pituitary adenomas | Qian et al (2007); Andreeva and Kutuzov (2010) |
| KLK10 | Non-small-cell lung cancer | Zhang et al (2010) |
| LTB4R | Colon cancer | Ihara et al (2007) |
| THY1 | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Lung et al (2010) |
| TNFRSF10C | Prostate carcinoma | Hornstein et al (2008) |
| COL1A2 | Colorectal cancer | Sengupta et al (2003) |
| S100A4 | Pancreatic cancer cell lines | Tabata et al (2009) |
| DCC | Colon cancer cells | Rodrigues et al (2007) |
| PTPRO | Lung cancer | Motiwala et al (2004) |
| TPEF | Colon, bladder, prostate cancer | Liang et al (2010) |
Abbreviation: YST=yolk sac tum.
Additional references in Supplementary information.