Table 2.
Association between hospital admission involving hyperkalaemia and recent antibiotic use
| Use of antibiotic in preceding 14 days | No (%) cases (n=248) | No (%) controls (n=783) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio* (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TMP-SMX | 161 (65) | 162 (21) | 11.0 (6.8 to 17.8) | 12.4 (7.1 to 21.6) |
| Nitrofurantoin | 34 (14) | 159 (20) | 2.5 (1.4 to 4.4) | 2.4 (1.3 to 4.6) |
| Norfloxacin | 17 (7) | 137 (17) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.9) | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.4) |
| Amoxicillin | 36 (15) | 325 (42) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
TMP/SMX=trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
*Adjusted for age category, congestive heart failure, chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, Charlson co-morbidity index, fifth of income, living in long term care facility, number of prescription drugs in previous year, number of years of spironolactone treatment, and drugs (β adrenergic receptor blockers, potassium sparing diuretics, non-potassium sparing diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, potassium supplements, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors).