Table 4.

Association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with time until the start of renal replacement therapy during the first year of pre-dialysis care

	Events/n	Crude HR	Adjusted HR†	Adjusted HR‡
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg):
Per 10	235/508	1.08 (1.03;1.13)	1.09 (1.04;1.14)	1.09 (1.04;1.14)
< 130	29/91	1	1	1
130-149	60/136	1.52 (0.97;2.36)	1.54 (0.99;2.41)	1.60 (1.02;2.50)
150-169	74/147	1.82 (1.19;2.80)	1.88 (1.22;2.90)	1.96 (1.27;3.02)
170-189	46/83	2.09 (1.31;3.32)	2.20 (1.37;3.53)	2.25 (1.40;3.63)
≥ 190	26/51	2.10 (1.24;3.57)	2.27 (1.33;3.90)	2.21 (1.28;3.80)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg):
Per 10	235/508	1.15 (1.04;1.27)	1.15 (1.04;1.27)	1.16 (1.05;1.28)
< 80	63/153	1	1	1
80-89	76/174	1.02 (0.73;1.43)	1.03 (0.74;1.44)	1.05 (0.75;1.48)
90-99	49/106	1.09 (0.75;1.58)	1.11 (0.76;1.62)	1.11 (0.76;1.62)
≥ 100	47/75	1.84 (1.26;2.69)	1.85 (1.26;2.71)	1.88 (1.27;2.78)
Blood pressure treatment target goal (mmHg):
< 130/< 80	17/58	1	1	1
≥ 130/< 80	46/95	1.93 (1.11;3.37)	2.03 (1.15;3.57)	2.24 (1.26;3.97)
< 130/≥ 80	12/33	1.18 (0.56;2.47)	1.18 (0.56;2.47)	1.31 (0.62;2.78)
≥ 130/≥ 80	160/322	1.91 (1.16;3.16)	1.96 (1.19;3.23)	2.08 (1.25;3.44)

The hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval, CI) presented for each blood pressure category indicates the increased risk of starting renal replacement therapy (RRT) compared to the reference category (systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 80 mmHg, and SBP/DBP < 130/< 80 mmHg).

^† Adjusted for sex and age. ^‡ Adjusted for sex, age, race, smoking, primary kidney disease, and the co-morbidities cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).