Table 2.
Dependency symptoms among users of areca nuts, areca nut with tobacco additives and cigarette smokers
| Type of substance use | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptom | Areca nut only | Areca + Tobacco | Smokers only | P-value | |||
| N = 314 | N = 242 | N = 295 | |||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
| Tolerance | 101 | (32.2) | 90 | (37.2) | 116 | (39.3) | < 0.001 |
| Withdrawal | 87 | (27.7) | 158 | (65.3) | 204 | (69.2) | < 0.001 |
| Excess use | 239 | (76.1) | 102 | (42.2) | 119 | (40.3) | < 0.001 |
| Attempt to cut down | 93 | (29.6) | 152 | (62.8) | 218 | (73.9) | < 0.001 |
| Considerable time spent before reuse or recovery | 88 | (28.0) | 100 | (41.3) | 135 | (45.8) | < 0.001 |
| Activity given up | 175 | (55.7) | 95 | (39.3) | 65 | (22.0) | < 0.001 |
| Continue use despite known health hazards | 195 | (62.1) | 138 | (57.0) | 256 | (86.8) | < 0.001 |
p values calculated using the chi2 test between the presence or absence of symptom and group of substances use