Table 3.
Factors associated with mother receiving iron supplementation during pregnancy (univariate logistic regression)
| Factor | Total Population | Iron supplements received (345/375) |
Iron supplements not received (30/375) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Prevalence n (% [95% CI]), Mean [95% CI], or Median [Range] | N | Prevalence n (% [95% CI]), Mean [95% CI], or Median [Range] | N | Prevalence n (% [95% CI]), Mean [95% CI], or Median [Range] | Odds Ratio [95% CI] for receipt of iron | ||
| Wealth quintile1, 4 | ||||||||
| Quintile 1 | 375 | 69 (18.4 [14.4, 22.4]) | 69 | 56 (81.2 [71.7, 90.6]) | 69 | 13 (18.8 [71.7, 90.6]) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Quintile 2 | 375 | 66 (17.6 [13.7, 21.4]) | 66 | 61 (92.4 [85.9, 99.0]) | 66 | 5 (7.6 [1.0, 14.1]) | 2.83 [0.95, 8.45] | 0.062 |
| Quintile 3 | 375 | 86 (22.9 [18.7, 27.2]) | 86 | 80 (93.0 [87.5, 98.5]) | 86 | 6 (7.0 [1.5, 12.4]) | 2.65 [1.0, 7.07] | 0.051 |
| Quintile 4 | 375 | 75 (20.0 [15.9, 24.1]) | 75 | 75 (93.3 [87.6, 99.1]) | 75 | 5 (6.7 [0.9, 12.4]) | 3.25 [1.09, 9.66] | 0.034 |
| Quintile 5 | 375 | 79 (21.1 [16.9, 25.2]) | 79 | 78 (98.7 [96.2, 100.0]) | 79 | 1 (1.3 [0.0, 3.7]) | 18.57 [2.36, 146.06] | 0.005 |
| Mother's age (years)2 | 374 | 23.2 [22.8, 23.6] | 342 | 23.2 [22.8, 23.5] | 31 | 23.9 [22.0, 25.8] | 0.95 per year [0.87, 1.04] | 0.275 |
| Child's age (months)2 | 401 | 17.2 [16.8, 17.5] | 343 | 17.0 [16.7, 17.4] | 31 | 17.8 [16.3, 19.2] | 0.94 per month [0.84, 1.04] | 0.251 |
| Maternal Education1 | ||||||||
| 0 | 375 | 89 (23.7 [19.4, 28.1]) | 89 | 80 (89.9 [83.5, 96.3]) | 89 | 9 (10.1 [3.7, 16.5]) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| 1-6 years | 375 | 46 (12.3 [8.9, 15.6]) | 46 | 43 (93.5 [86.1, 100.0]) | 46 | 3 (6.5 [0, 13.9]) | 1.61 [0.42, 6.27] | 0.491 |
| 7-9 years | 375 | 117 (31.2 [26.5, 25.9]) | 117 | 107 (91.5 [86.3, 96.6]) | 107 | 10 (8.5 [3.4, 13.7]) | 1.20 [0.47, 3.10] | 0.701 |
| 10 years | 375 | 97 (25.9 [21.4, 30.3]) | 97 | 90 (92.8 [87.5, 98.0]) | 97 | 7 (7.2 [2.0, 12.5]) | 1.446 [0.52, 4.06] | 0.484 |
| 11+ years | 375 | 26 (6.9 [4.4, 9.5]) | 26 | 25 (96.2 [88.2, 100.0]) | 26 | 1 (3.8 [0, 11.8]) | 2.7 [0.33, 22.39] | 0.358 |
| Literate mother1 | 373 | 259 (69.4 [64.7, 74.1]) | 259 | 241 (93.1 [89.9, 96.2]) | 259 | 18 (6.9 [3.8,10.1]) | 1.58 [0.73, 3.39] | 0.245 |
| Birth order3 | 377 | 2 [1,5] | 344 | 2 [1,5] | 31 | 1 [1,4] | 0.90 [0.58, 1.41] | 0.634 |
| Religion/Caste1 | ||||||||
| Hindu, non SC/ST5 | 374 | 198 (52.9 [47.9, 58.0]) | 198 | 190 (96.0 [93.2, 98.7]) | 198 | 8 (4.0 [1.3, 6.8]) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Scheduled Caste | 374 | 97 (25.9 [21.5, 30.4]) | 97 | 85 (87.6 [81.0, 94.3]) | 97 | 12 (12.4 [5.7, 19.0]) | 0.30 [0.12, 0.76] | 0.011 |
| Scheduled Tribe | 374 | 58 (15.6 [11.8, 19.2]) | 58 | 52 (89.7 [81.6, 97.7]) | 58 | 6 (10.3 [2.3, 18.4]) | 0.7 [0.12, 1.09] | 0.073 |
| Muslim | 374 | 21 (5.6 [3.3, 8.0]) | 21 | 17 (81.0 [62.6, 99.3]) | 21 | 4 (19.1 [0.7, 37.4]) | 0.18 [0.05, 0.66] | 0.009 |
| Number of antenatal health worker visits1,6 | ||||||||
| Quintile 1 | 374 | 69 (18.5 [14.5, 22.4]) | 69 | 57 (82.6 [73.4, 91.8]) | 69 | 12 (17.3 [8.2, 26.6]) | Reference | |
| Quintile 2 | 374 | 53 (14.2 [10.6, 17.7]) | 53 | 46 (86.8 [77.4, 96.2]) | 53 | 7 (13.2 [3.8, 22.6]) | 1.38 [0.50, 3.80] | 0.529 |
| Quintile 3 | 374 | 40 (10.7 [7.6, 13.8]) | 40 | 39 (97.5 [92.4, 100.0]) | 40 | 1 (2.5 [0.0, 7.6]) | 8.21 [1.02, 65.74] | 0.047 |
| Quintile 4 | 374 | 118 (31.6 [26.8, 36.3]) | 118 | 109 (92.3 [87.5, 97.2]) | 118 | 9 (7.6 [2.8, 12.5]) | 2.55 [1.01, 6.41] | 0.047 |
| Quintile 5 | 374 | 94 (25.1 [20.7, 29.6]) | 94 | 93 (98.9 [96.8, 100.0]) | 94 | 1 (1.1 [0.0, 3.2]) | 19.59 [2.48, 154.61] | 0.005 |
| Postnatal health worker visit1 | 369 | 167 (45.3 [40.2, 50.4]) | 167 | 164 (98.2 [96.2, 100.0]) | 167 | 3 (1.8 [0.0, 3.8]) | 8.43 [2.51, 28.33] | 0.001 |
| Iron supplementation given post pregnancy1 | 369 | 86 (23.3 [19.0, 27.6]) | 86 | 84 (97.7 [94.4, 100.0]) | 86 | 2 (2.3 [0.0, 5.6]) | 4.61 [1.08, 19.78] | 0.040 |
| Blood test during pregnancy1 | 373 | 291 (78.0 [73.8, 82.2]) | 291 | 276 (94.9 [92.3, 97.4]) | 291 | 15 (5.2 [2.6, 7.7]) | 4.12 [1.92, 8.84] | < 0.001 |
1Prevalence: n (% [95% CI])
2Mean [95% CI]
3Median [range]
4Wealth index: Quintile 1: 2-8 Quintile 2: 9-12; Quintile 3: 13-18; Quintile 4: 19-26; Quintile 27-62.
5SC = Scheduled Caste, ST = Scheduled Tribe
6Number of antenatal health worker visits: Quintile 1: 1-3; Quintile 2: 4; Quintile 3: 5; Quintile 4: 6-7; Quintile 8-9.