Table 5.
Factors associated with child ever receiving iron supplementation (univariate logistic regression)
| Factor | Total Population | Iron supplements received (345/375) | Iron supplements not received (30/375) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Prevalence n (% [95% CI]), Mean [95% CI], or Median [Range] | N | Prevalence n (% [95% CI]), Mean [95% CI], or Median [Range] | N | Prevalence n (% [95% CI]), Mean [95% CI], or Median [Range] | Odds Ratio [95% CI] for receipt of iron | ||
| Wealth quintile1, 4 | ||||||||
| Quintile 1 | 402 | 77 (19.2 [15.3, 23.0]) | 77 | 24 (31.2 [20.6, 41.8]) | 77 | 53 (68.8 [58.3, 79.4]) | Reference | |
| Quintile 2 | 402 | 71 (17.7 [13.9, 21.4]) | 71 | 25 (35.2 [23.8, 46.6]) | 71 | 46 (64.8 [53.4, 76.2]) | 1.20 [0.61, 2.38] | 0.602 |
| Quintile 3 | 402 | 91 (22.6 [18.5, 26.7]) | 91 | 35 (38.5 [28.3, 48.6]) | 91 | 56 (61.5 [51.4, 71.7]) | 1.38 [0.73, 2.62] | 0.324 |
| Quintile 4 | 402 | 79 (19.7 [15.8, 23.6]) | 79 | 37 (46.8 [35.6, 58.1]) | 79 | 42 (53.2 [41.9, 64.4]) | 1.95 [1.01, 3.74] | 0.046 |
| Quintile 5 | 402 | 84 (20.9 [16.9, 24.9]) | 64 | 46 (54.8 [43.9, 65.6]) | 84 | 38 (45.2 [34.4, 56.1]) | 2.67 [1.40, 5.10] | 0.003 |
| Mother's age (years)2 | 374 | 23.2 [22.8, 23.6] | 161 | 23.1 [22.6, 23.6] | 212 | 23.3 [22.8, 23.8] | 0.98 per year [0.93, 1.04] | 0.555 |
| Child's age (months)2 | 401 | 17.2 [16.8, 17.5] | 165 | 17.0 [16.5, 17.5] | 235 | 17.3 [16.8, 17.7] | 0.98 per month [0.92, 1.04] | 0.445 |
| Maternal Education1 | ||||||||
| 0 | 374 | 89 (23.8 [19.5, 28.1]) | 89 | 31.5 [21.6, 41.3] | 89 | 68.6 [58.7, 78.4] | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| 1-6 years | 374 | 45 (12.0 [8.7, 15.3]) | 45 | 53.3 [38.2, 68.5] | 45 | 46.7 [31.5, 61.8] | 2.49 [1.19, 5.20] | 0.015 |
| 7-9 years | 374 | 117 (31.3 [26.6, 36.0]) | 117 | 40.2 [31.2, 49.2] | 117 | 59.8 [50.8, 68.8] | 1.46 [0.82, 2.61] | 0.199 |
| 10 years | 374 | 98 (26.2 [21.7, 30.7]) | 98 | 48.0 [37.9, 58.0] | 98 | 52.0 [42.0, 62.1] | 2.01 [1.10, 3.65] | 0.022 |
| 11+ years | 374 | 25 (6.7 [4.1, 9.2]) | 25 | 60.0 [39.4, 80.6] | 25 | 40.0 [19.4, 60.6] | 3.27 [1.31, 8.17] | 0.011 |
| Literate mother1 | 373 | 259 (69.4 [64.7, 74.1]) | 259 | 48.3 [42.1, 54.4] | 259 | 51.7 [45.6, 58.9] | 2.02 [1.27, 3.21] | 0.003 |
| Birth order3 | 377 | 2 [1,5] | 161 | 2 [1,5] | 215 | 2 [1,5] | 0.91 [0.70, 1.19] | 0.495 |
| Religion/Caste1 | ||||||||
| Hindu, non SC/ST5 | 389 | 209 (53.7 [48.8, 58.7]) | 209 | 101 (48.3 [41.5, 55.2]) | 209 | 108 (51.7 [44.8, 58.5]) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Scheduled Caste | 389 | 99 (25.4 [21.1 29.8]) | 99 | 34 (34.3 [24.8, 43.9]) | 99 | 65 (65.7 [56.1, 75.2]) | 0.56 [0.34, 0.92]) | 0.022 |
| Scheduled Tribe | 389 | 61 (15.7 [12.1, 19.3]) | 61 | 25 (41.0 [28.3, 53.6]) | 61 | 36 (59.0 [46.3, 71.7]) | 0.74 [0.42, 1.32]) | 0.313. |
| Muslim | 389 | 20 (5.1 [2.9, 7.4]) | 20 | 1 (5.0 [0.0, 15.5]) | 20 | 19 (95.0 [84.5, 100.0]) | 0.06 [0.01, 0.43]) | 0.005 |
| Number of antenatal health worker visits 1. 6 | ||||||||
| Quintile 1 | 374 | 68 (18.2 [14.3, 22.1]) | 68 | 38 (55.9 [43.8, 68.0]) | 68 | 30 (44.1 [32.0, 56.2]) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Quintile 2 | 374 | 53 (14.2 [10.6, 17.7]) | 53 | 15 (28.3 [15.8, 40.8]) | 53 | 38 (71.7 [59.2, 84.2]) | 0.31 [0.15, 0.67] | 0.003 |
| Quintile 3 | 374 | 40 (10.7 [7.6, 13.8]) | 40 | 18 (45.0 [28.9, 61.1]) | 40 | 22 (55.0 [38.9, 61.1]) | 0.65 [0.29, 1.41]) | 0.276 |
| Quintile 4 | 374 | 118 (31.6 [26.8, 36.3]) | 118 | 63 (53.4 [44.3, 62.5]) | 118 | 55 (46.7 [37.4, 55.7]) | 0.90 [0.60, 1.65]) | 0.742 |
| Quintile 5 | 374 | 95 (25.4 [21.0, 29.8]) | 95 | 26 (27.4 [18.2, 36.5]) | 95 | 69 (72.6 [63.5, 81.8]) | 0.30 [0.15, 0.57] | < 0.0001 |
| Postnatal health worker visit1 | 369 | 166 (45.0 [39.9, 50.1]) | 166 | 74 (44.6 [36.9, 52.2]) | 166 | 92 (55.4 [47.8, 63.1]) | 1.07 [0.71, 1.62] | 0.740 |
| Iron supplementation given post pregnancy1 | 369 | 86 (23.3 [19.0, 27.6]) | 86 | 84 (97.7 [94.4, 100.0]) | 86 | 2 (2.3 [0.0, 5.6]) | 4.61 [1.08, 19.78] | 0.040 |
| Antenatal maternal iron supplementation1 | 374 | 344 (92.0 [89.2, 94.7]) | 344 | 153 (44.5 [39.2, 49.8]) | 344 | 191 ((55.5 [50.3, 60.8]) | 2.20 [0.95, 5.08] | 0.064 |
| Postnatal maternal iron supplementation1 | 369 | 85 (23.0 [18.7, 27.4]) | 85 | 54 (63.5 [53.1, 73.9]) | 85 | 31 (36.5 [26.0, 46.9]) | 2.88 [1.74, 4.76]) | < 0.0001 |
| Blood test during pregnancy1 | 374 | 291 (78.0 [73.8, 82.2]) | 291 | 137 (47.1 [41.3, 52.8]) | 291 | 154 (52.9 [47.2, 58.7]) | 2.15 [1.27, 3.65] | 0.005 |
| Child's sex (male = 1)1 | 402 | 203 (50.5 [45.6, 55.4]) | 203 | 103 (50.7 [43.8, 57.7]) | 203 | 100 (49.3 [42.3, 56.2]) | 2.17 [1.45, 3.26] | < 0.001 |
| Services accessed ever | ||||||||
| Doctor1 | 403 | 385 (95.7 [93.8, 97.5]) | 385 | 164 (42.6 [37.6, 47.6]) | 385 | 221 (57.4 [52.4, 62.4]) | 3.46 [0.98, 12.25] | 0.054 |
| Primary Health Centre1 | 402 | 328 (81.8 [78.0, 85.6]) | 328 | 138 (42.1 [36.7, 47.4]) | 328 | 190 (57.9 [52.6, 63.3]) | 1.10 [0.66, 1.84]) | 0.713 |
| Anganwadi Centre1 | 402 | 345 (85.8 [82.4, 89.2]) | 345 | 124 (35.9 [30.8, 41.0]) | 345 | 221 (64.1 [59.0, 69.1]) | 0.18 [0.10, 0.35]) | < 0.001 |
| Child fully vaccinated1 | 402 | 359 (89.1 [86.0, 92.1]) | 358 | 136 (40.0 [32.9, 43.0]) | 358 | 222 (62.0 [57.0, 67.1]) | 0.6 [0.13, 0.51] | < 0.001 |
1Prevalence n (% [95% CI])
2Mean [95% CI]
3Median [range]
4Wealth index: Quintile 1: 2-8 Quintile 2: 9-12; Quintile 3: 13-18; Quintile 4: 19-26; Quintile 27-62.
5SC = Scheduled Caste, ST = Scheduled Tribe
6Number of antenatal health worker visits: Quintile 1: 1-3; Quintile 2: 4; Quintile 3: 5; Quintile 4: 6-7; Quintile 8-9.