Figure 3. Effects of lipids on cobalt toxicity.

A,B) Cells were grown for 18 hours in enriched YPD medium in the presence of the indicated concentrations of CoCl₂ also supplemented where indicated with (A) 15 mg/L ergosterol and/or 0.5 mM Oleic acid; and (B) 0.5 mM concentrations of the indicated unsaturated (oleic, palmitoleic and linoleic acid) or saturated (stearic and palmitic acid) fatty acids. Total growth following 18 hours was measured at an optical density at 600 nM. Results represent the averages of three independent cultures where error ≤2% in all cases. C) Cells grown as in Fig. 3A in the presence of 600 µM CoCl₂ and/or 0.5 mM oleic acid were subjected to cobalt analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results represent the averages of three independent cultures and error bars represent the total range.