Table 1.
Prevalence of Individual, Study, and Neighborhood Level Correlates of Peer Recruitment, New York City, 2006–2009. (N=390)
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
|
Individual Level Variables
| ||
| Median Age (IQR) | 35 | 29–38 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 290 | 74.6 |
| Female | 99 | 25.4 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic | 143 | 36.7 |
| Black | 211 | 54.1 |
| White/Other | 36 | 9.2 |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 186 | 57.4 |
| At least high school or the equivalent | 204 | 52.3 |
| Combined income (taxed + untaxed) | ||
| Less than or equal to $10,000 | 311 | 84.7 |
| Greater than $10,000 | 56 | 15.3 |
| Homeless (past 6 months) | ||
| No | 131 | 33.6 |
| Yes | 259 | 66.4 |
| HIV status | ||
| Negative | 322 | 89.4 |
| Positive | 38 | 10.6 |
| Residence | ||
| Harlem | 196 | 54.9 |
| Bronx | 74 | 20.7 |
| Brooklyn | 58 | 16.3 |
| Queens | 16 | 4.5 |
| Lower East Side | 13 | 3.6 |
| IDU | ||
| No | 355 | 91.0 |
| Yes | 35 | 9.0 |
| Use Heroin (alone or with crack/cocaine) | ||
| No | 198 | 51.3 |
| Yes | 188 | 48.7 |
| Daily heroin use (alone or with crack/cocaine) | ||
| No | 328 | 84.1 |
| Yes | 62 | 15.9 |
| Use Cocaine (alone or with heroin) | ||
| No | 89 | 22.9 |
| Yes | 299 | 77.1 |
| Daily cocaine use (alone or with heroin) | ||
| No | 351 | 90.0 |
| Yes | 39 | 10.0 |
| Use Crack (alone or with heroin) | ||
| No | 60 | 15.9 |
| Yes | 329 | 84.1 |
| Daily crack use (alone or with heroin) | ||
| No | 244 | 62.6 |
| Yes | 146 | 37.3 |
|
| ||
|
Drug Network Characteristics
| ||
| Median number of people use drugs with (IQR) | 1 | 0–2 |
| Median number of social networks who use drugs (IQR) | 1 | 0–2 |
|
| ||
|
Study Level Variables
| ||
| Recruitment site | ||
| Harlem | 257 | 75.2 |
| Bronx | 34 | 9.9 |
| Brooklyn | 25 | 7.3 |
| Queens | 10 | 2.9 |
| LES | 16 | 4.7 |
| Interview site | ||
| Storefront | 377 | 96.7 |
| Van | 13 | 3.3 |
| Median Number of Coupons Given (IQR) | 3 | 3–5 |
| Given additional coupons (more than 3) | ||
| No | 278 | 71.3 |
| Yes | 112 | 28.7 |
| Attended RDS group training (RDST) | ||
| No | 87 | 22.3 |
| Yes | 303 | 77.7 |
| Participant type | ||
| Peer recruit | 344 | 88.2 |
| Seed | 46 | 11.8 |
|
| ||
|
Neighborhood Level Variables
|
Median | IQR |
| Proportion of neighborhood sample who__________ | ||
| Live near a syringe exchange program | 0.12 | 0.05–0.14 |
| Tolerate adult illicit drug use | 0.00 | 0.00–0.02 |
| Disagree that people abusing drugs/alcohol are more dangerous | 0.31 | 0.30–0.44 |
| Disagree that people can stop using drugs whenever they want | 0.72 | 0.69–0.77 |
| Disagree that those abusing alcohol/drugs lack self control | 0.28 | 0.23–0.28 |
| Disagree that alcohol/drug abuse leads people to commit crimes | 0.32 | 0.22–0.32 |
| Do not look down on those hospitalized for drug/alcohol problems | 0.41 | 0.41–0.48 |
| Tolerate having a neighbor who abuses alcohol/drugs | 0.30 | 0.20–0.33 |
| Are against more severe criminal penalties for illicit drug users | 0.63 | 0.54–0.63 |
| Disagree that there should be more mandatory drug testing at work | 0.36 | 0.29–0.38 |
| Are against more aggressive police sweeps to arrest drug users | 0.38 | 0.24–0.38 |
| Feel making clean needles available to IDUs is important | 0.48 | 0.48–0.63 |
Abbreviations: HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; IDU, injection drug user; IQR, Interquartile Range; RDS, Respondent Driven Sampling; RDST, Respondent Driven Sampling Training