Rapamycin induces and represses gene expression. The wild-type yeast strain MLY41 was grown to early exponential phase, and treated with or without 0.2 μg/ml rapamycin or 10 μg/ml cycloheximide for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min, as indicated. RNA was prepared and analyzed by Northern blot with radioactive probes that hybridize to the genes indicated at left. Hybridization to the actin gene (ACT1) served as a loading control.