Table 1.
Rapamycin induces expression of nitrogen catabolite repressed genes
| Gene
|
Fold induction
|
Gene product/function
|
|---|---|---|
| Permeases | ||
| MEP2 | 46.2 | high-affinity ammonium permease |
| DAL5 | 19.2a | allantoate and ureidosuccinate permease |
| GAP1 | 7.3 | general amino acid permease |
| DAL4 | 5.1a | allantoin permease |
| PUT4 | 4.5a | high affinity proline permease |
| CAN1 | 4.3 | arginine permease |
| General catabolism | ||
| GDH2 | 5.0 | glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD) |
| GLT1 | 3.0 | glutamate synthase |
| GDH1 | 1.4 | glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP) |
| GLN1 | 0.0 | glutamine synthetase |
| Specific catabolism | ||
| DUR1,2 | 16.0 | urea degradation |
| DAL3 | 15.7a | allantoin utilization (ureidoglycolate hydrolase) |
| PUT1 | 11.7a | proline catabolism |
| DAL1 | 7.9a | allantoin utilization (allantoinase) |
| UGA1 | 5.6 | GABA catabolism |
| PUT2 | 2.8 | proline catabolism |
| DAL7 | 1.6a | allantoin degradation (malate synthetase) |
| DAL2 | 1.5a | allantoin utilization (allantoicase) |
| Transcriptional regulation | ||
| DAL80/UGA43 | 8.2 | transcriptional repressor |
| GAT1/NIL1 | 3.1 | transcriptional activator |
| DAL82 | 2.5 | transcriptional repressor |
| Central regulators | ||
| GLN3 | 2.0a | transcriptional activator |
| URE2 | 2.2 | inhibitor of Gln3 and glutamine synthetase |
| NPR1 | 4.2 | serine/threonine kinase |
Strain MLY41 was grown to early exponential phase and treated with or without 0.2 μg/ml rapamycin for 2 hr. Cells were harvested and poly(A) RNA was isolated and processed for yeast genome analysis. Note that the results shown are fold of gene induction (above) or repression (Table 2) observed in the rapamycin-treated sample using the untreated sample as the baseline. Note that maximal induction of the GLN1 gene occurs at 1 hr after treatment (see Fig. 1), and at 2 hr expression has returned to the original uninduced level.
a
No signal detected in untreated cells.