Table 4.
Filler exposure at the composite surface prior to and after different aging conditions, calculated from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analyses and comparison to the bulk filler composition provided by the manufacturers
| Composite resin | Filler exposure at the surface from XPS (%) | Bulk filler composition (vol.%) according to the manufacturer | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-aged control | Thermocycling | Water storage | Citric acid immersion | ||
| AS | 20 | 22 | 7 | 25 | 63 |
| G | 27 | 56 | 21 | 51 | 71 |
| TE | 41 | 60 | 40 | 64 | 48 |
| FS | 14 | 49 | 24 | 68 | 58 |
For abbreviations, see Table 1