Fig. 1.

Association between DKK1 concentration and coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Number of coronary artery segments with any atherosclerotic plaque (≥ 10% luminal narrowing) was evaluated in all the subjects, and 253 (94%) subjects showed more than one coronary atherosclerotic plaque. The number of segments with coronary atherosclerosis was significantly increased with increasing DKK1 quartiles (A). In addition, DKK1 concentration was significantly elevated according to the number of coronary artery segments with any atherosclerotic plaque (B). An outliers (open circles) are defined as a score that is between 1.5 and 3 box lengths away from the upper edge of the box. An extreme scores (asterisks) are defined as a score that is greater than 3 box lengths away from the upper edge of the box.