TABLE 3.
ORs (and 95% CIs) for albuminuria associated with sex-specific quintiles of dietary sodium to potassium ratio intake for participants in the REGARDS Study with and without abdominal obesity1
| Quintile of dietary sodium to potassium ratio | |||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| Men2 | 0.24–0.70 | 0.70–0.83 | 0.83–0.96 | 0.96–1.12 | 1.12–2.92 |
| Women2 | 0.07–0.62 | 0.62–0.76 | 0.76–0.90 | 0.90–1.07 | 1.07–2.52 |
| Model 13 | |||||
| Abdominal obesity | |||||
| No | Reference | 0.91 (0.75, 1.10) | 0.97 (0.80, 1.18) | 1.05 (0.86, 1.27) | 1.37 (1.13, 1.66) |
| Yes | Reference | 1.03 (0.85, 1.24) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.24) | 1.17 (0.97, 1.41) | 1.51 (1.26, 1.82) |
| Model 24 | |||||
| Abdominal obesity | |||||
| No | Reference | 0.92 (0.76, 1.12) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.19) | 1.01 (0.83, 1.23) | 1.21 (0.99, 1.48) |
| Yes | Reference | 1.06 (0.87, 1.29) | 1.04 (0.86, 1.27) | 1.18 (0.98, 1.43) | 1.46 (1.22, 1.76) |
| Model 35 | |||||
| Abdominal obesity | |||||
| No | Reference | 0.87 (0.71, 1.06) | 0.91 (0.74, 1.11) | 0.90 (0.73, 1.11) | 0.96 (0.78, 1.18) |
| Yes | Reference | 1.03 (0.84, 1.26) | 1.00 (0.82, 1.22) | 1.11 (0.92, 1.35) | 1.31 (1.09, 1.59) |
| Model 46 | |||||
| Abdominal obesity | |||||
| No | Reference | 0.85 (0.69, 1.04) | 0.88 (0.72, 1.08) | 0.88 (0.71, 1.09) | 0.91 (0.74, 1.13) |
| Yes | Reference | 1.00 (0.81, 1.23) | 0.98 (0.80, 1.21) | 1.10 (0.90, 1.34) | 1.27 (1.04, 1.55) |
Abdominal obesity is defined as a waist circumference >102 cm (40 inches) in men and >88 cm (35 inches) in women. Albuminuria is defined as a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. REGARDS, Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke.
Values are ranges.
Adjusted for age and total energy intake.
Adjusted for variables in model 1 plus sex and race.
Adjusted for variables in model 2 plus education category, income category, smoking status, alcohol consumption, self-reported health status, and physical activity category.
Adjusted for variables in model 3 plus dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.