TABLE 1.

Characteristics of participants at randomization, by personal use of calcium and/or vitamin D supplements¹

	No personal calcium or vitamin D use2		Personal calcium or vitamin D use2
	CaD group(n = 7891)	Placebo group(n = 7755)	CaD group(n = 10285)	Placebo group(n = 10351)
Age (y)	62.8 ± 7.03	62.9 ± 7.0	64.0 ± 6.9	63.9 ± 6.8
BMI (kg/m2)	29.5 ± 5.9	29.4 ± 6.0	28.4 ± 5.7	28.3 ± 5.7
Supplemental calcium intake (mg/d)	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	551 ± 539	552 ± 522
Dietary calcium intake (mg/d)	801 ± 491	790 ± 470	828 ± 454	832 ± 455
Supplemental vitamin D intake (μg/d)	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	8.4 ± 5.5	8.4 ± 5.5
Dietary vitamin D intake (μg/d)	4.3 ± 3.2	4.2 ± 3.2	4.4 ± 3.1	4.4 ± 3.1
Blood pressure (mm Hg)
Systolic	126 ± 17	126 ± 17	125 ± 17	125 ± 17
Diastolic	75 ± 9	75 ± 9	74 ± 9	74 ± 9
Medical history (%)4
Current HRT, trials or personal	49	51	54	55
High cholesterol requiring medication	12	12	13	12
Cardiovascular disease	14	15	14	15
Hypertension	33	35	33	32
Stroke	1.0	1.2	0.7	1.0
Myocardial infarction	2.2	2.0	1.6	1.5
Any cancer	3.8	4.1	4.4	3.7
Breast cancer	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
Colorectal cancer	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1
Any fracture since age 55 y	14	14	16	16
Hip fracture	2.0	1.9	2.5	2.8
Diabetes	7	7	5	5
Smoking status (%)4
Never	52	52	52	53
Past	39	38	41	41
Current	9	9	7	6

¹CaD, calcium and vitamin D; HRT, hormone replacement therapy.

²Personal calcium or vitamin D refers to use of nonprotocol calcium and/or vitamin D supplements at randomization.

³Mean ± SD (all such values).

⁴All data are from the time of randomization, except for medical history and smoking status, which are from the time at entry to the WHI clinical trials program; 91% of participants in the WHI CaD Study entered at their first annual visit and the remainder at their second annual visit. WHI, Women's Health Initiative.