Effects of MO-mediated gene silencing of HDAC1 and HDAC2 on gene expression in mK4 cells. A, immunofluorescence staining of HDAC1 and HDAC2 proteins in mK4 cells transfected with HDAC1/HDAC2 antisense MO or control oligonucleotides. B, quantitative analysis of HDAC1 and HDAC2 protein levels by Western blotting. mK4 cells were treated with HDAC1-MO (10 μm) and/or HDAC2-MO (10 μm each of HDAC2-MO1 and HDAC2-MO2) for 96 h. Standard control morpholinos (10 μm) were used as negative control. **, p < 0.01. C, real time RT-PCR analysis of gene expression. mK4 cells were treated with morpholinos as described in B. RNA was extracted, and relative gene expression of Pax2, Pax8, and Sfrp1 was quantified by quantitative RT-PCR (n = 3 independent experiments in triplicate). *, p < 0.05.