Table 1.

Tested pretreatment conditions^a

Pretreatment			Solids load, % w/w	Severity
Method	Temp, °C	Time, min
Water only	180	17.6	0.5	Log R0= 3.6b
Water only	180	44.1	0.5	Log R0= 4.0
Water only	180	17.6	1.0	Log R0= 3.6
Water only	180	44.1	1.0	Log R0= 4.0
Water only	180	17.6	2.0	Log R0= 3.6
Water only	180	44.1	2.0	Log R0= 4.0
Sulfuric acid 1% w/w	140	10.3	0.5	Log CS = 1.5c
Sulfuric acid 1% w/w	140	20.5	0.5	Log CS = 1.8
Sulfuric acid 1% w/w	140	10.3	2.0	Log CS = 1.5
Sulfuric acid 1% w/w	140	20.5	2.0	Log CS = 1.8
Sulfuric acid 2% w/w	140	5.1	2.0	Log CS = 1.5
Sulfuric acid 2% w/w	140	10.3	2.0	Log CS = 1.8

^aPretreatment conditions used to compare co-hydrolysis to the conventional characterization method.

^b, where t denotes time in minutes and T temperature in °C.

^cCS = 10^pH × R_0.