Table 1.
LPS induces GM-SCF, G-CSF, LIF, and IL-6 mRNAs in bone marrow stromal cells
| Gene | N | Mean Fold Changea ± SE | P-valueb |
| IL-11 | 4 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.27 |
| IL-7 | 5 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.58 |
| GM-CSF | 3 | Increasedc | - |
| G-CSF | 4 | Increasedc | - |
| LIF | 5 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 0.02* |
| IL-6 | 7 | 7.0 ± 1.5 | 0.01* |
| SCF | 4 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.40 |
| M-CSF | 5 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.79 |
| TGF-β1 | 2 | 1.2, 1.4 | 0.26 |
| TGF-β3 | 2 | 0.8, 0.9 | 0.18 |
| MIF | 2 | 0.9, 1.0 | 0.52 |
a From the Ribonuclease Protection Assays (RPAs), mean fold-change was determined by normalizing the optical density band of the LPS-treated sample to the housekeeping gene GAPDH or L-32, then expressing it relative to the optical density of the normalized band from the vehicle-treated sample. b Based on one-sample t-test to determine whether mean was significantly different from maximum LPS induction (μ = 1.0). c Expression of GM-CSF and G-CSF was sometimes undetectable in unstimulated cells, thus the LPS-induced expression could not be described appropriately as "fold change" * p < 0.05