Table 3.
Studies describing no relationship between OSA and depression
| AUTHOR/DATE | STUDY POPULATION | TYPE OF STUDY | DEPRESSION MEASURES | OSA MEASURES | CONCLUSIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kripke48 1997 | Community sample of 335 patients | Retrospective | CES-D or items from SIGH-SAD-SR | Desaturations | No relationship |
| Pillar36 1998 | 2,271 referrals to a sleep clinic | Retrospective | SCL-90 | RDI | No consistent relationship |
| Sforza49 2002 | 44 OSA patients, 16 snoring patients | Retrospective | HAD-D | AHI, mean low oxygen saturation | No correlation between AHI and HAD-D, but with low O2 saturation |
Adapted from: Harris M, Glozier N, Ratnavadivel R, Grunstein RR. Obstructive sleep apnea and depression. Sleep Med Rev. 2009;13(6):437–44.
- OSA
- obstructive sleep apnea
- RDI
- respiratory disturbance index
- CES-D
- Clinical Epidemiological Scale for Depression
- BDI
- Beck Depression Inventory
- SCL-90
- Symptom Checklist-90
- HAD-D
- Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale
- SIGH-SAD-SR
- Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-Seasonal Affective Disorders Self-Rating Scale
- AHI
- apnea hypopnea index