Figure 7.

The effect of GnRH (0.1 μM) on Smad3 activation in HES and ESC pretreated with TGF-β type II receptor antisense (1 μM) or sense (1 μM) oligonucleotides for 24 hrs. The cell lysates were prepared from GnRH-treated (+) and untreated (-) cells after 5, 15 and 30 min and analyzed by immunoblotting for pSmad2/3 and β-actin as loading control, shown from a representative experiment. Bar graph shows the mean ± SEM of fold change in the rate of Smad3 activation from three independent experiments with denotes ** are significantly different from untreated (*) controls (p < 0.05).