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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Aug 1;22(4):595–600. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.03.006

Figure 2. Extension of metabolic pathways through laboratory evolution.

Figure 2

Laboratory evolution under a defined selective pressure has identified a few cases in which a new metabolic function arose. Three of these examples include the ability that E. coli gained to (a) transport citrate after 33,000 generations, (b) metabolize L-1,2-propanediol and ethylene glycol, and (c) synthesize glutathione when a key enzyme in its synthesis was deleted.