Table 4.

Multivariate relations of antecedent psychosocial va variables with early alcohol initiation

Variable	B	SE	Wald	OR	[95% CI]
Expectation for academic achievement	−0.006	0.063	0.01	0.994	[0.879, 1.125]
Attitude toward school	−0.039	0.076	0.27	0.962	[0.829, 1.115]
Intolerance of deviance	−0.043	0.054	0.62	0.958	[0.861, 1.066]
Attitude toward drinking	0.129	0.092	1.96	1.137	[0.950, 1.362]
Religiosity	−0.041	0.050	0.66	0.960	[0.870, 1.059]
Parental vs. peer influence	0.113	0.061	3.48†	1.120	[0.994, 1.261]
Friends' approval of drinking	−0.048	0.090	0.29	0.953	[0.798, 1.137]
Friends' approval of drug use	0.050	0.106	0.22	1.052	[0.853, 1.296]
Conflict with parents	0.029	0.016	3.32†	1.030	[0.998, 1.062]
Parental control	−0.043	0.030	2.10	0.958	[0.904, 1.015]
Parent attitude toward drinking	−0.022	0.063	0.12	0.979	[0.865, 1.107]
General deviant behavior	0.017	0.032	0.27	1.017	[0.955, 1.083]
Sipped alcohol by age 10	0.657	0.273	5.79*	1.928	[1.130,3.292]
Mother education	−0.063	0.106	0.35	0.939	[0.763, 1.156]
Single- vs. two-parent family	−0.960	0.302	10.12**	0.383	[0.212, 0.692]
Parental approval child drinking	−0.062	0.128	0.23	0.940	[0.731, 1.208]
Parental approval child drug use	0.161	0.118	1.86	1.175	[0.932, 1.482]
Parental religiosity	−0.004	0.056	0.01	0.996	[0.892, 1.112]
Parental drinking frequency	0.007	0.003	4.44*	1.007	[1.001, 1.014]
Parental early onset	0.788	0.367	4.62*	2.200	[1.072,4.515]
Parental religious behavior	−0.050	0.041	1.46	0.951	[0.878, 1.032]
Constant	0.690	3.167	0.05	1.995

Notes: Parental measures are the average of mother and father reports (to prevent loss of adolescents with no father data). OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.

^†p < .10;

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01 (all two tailed).