Table 3.
Multivariate Associations for 2-Year Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) Progression With Traditional Risk Factors and With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Parameters Among Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV/AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy Participants
| Variable | Regression coefficient (95% confidence interval) | P |
| Traditional risk factora | ||
| Age (per 10 years older) | 0.003 (−.001 to .008) | .131 |
| Male sex (vs female sex) | −0.004 (−.013 to .005) | .360 |
| Race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white vs not) | −0.001 (−.009 to .0008) | .752 |
| Tobacco smoking (current smoker vs not) | 0.004 (−.003 to .011) | .232 |
| BMI (>25 vs ≤25) | 0.013 (.006–.020) | <.001 |
| Diabetes (vs not) | −0.001 (−.013 to .011) | .835 |
| Hypertension (vs not) | 0.002 (−.0009 to .010) | .544 |
| LDL-C (per 10 mg/dL higher) | 0.00002 (−.0007 to .0001) | .969 |
| HIV-specific parameters (adjusted for traditional risk factors)b | ||
| Baseline CD4+ cell count (per 100 cells/mm3 higher) | −0.0006 (−.002 to .0007) | .361 |
| Baseline suppressed HIV RNA viral load (<400 copies/mL vs not) | −0.009 (−.017 to −.002) | .015 |
| Persistently suppressed HIV RNA viral load (<400 copies/mL throughout follow-up vs ≥400 copies/mL at ≥1 visit) | −0.011 (−.018 to −.004) | <.001 |
| Baseline cART exposure (vs not) | −0.007 (−.015 to .0007) | .075 |
a
Model includes the traditional risk factors listed above and baseline CIMT. BMI, body mass index, defined as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; ldl-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
b
Model includes the traditional risk factors listed above, baseline CIMT, and the individual HIV parameter listed (ie, the model was run 4 times, once per covariate listed).