Table 3. Factors associated with the occurrence of positive results among 1434 subjects ever-tested.
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) for Being Positive | ||
|---|---|---|
| Univariate
|
Multivariate
|
|
| Calendar time | ||
| Linear spline | ||
| per year, 1999 – 2003 | 1.07 (0.89, 1.28) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.23) |
| per year, 2003 – 2007 | 0.67 (0.55, 0.81) | 0.63 (0.52, 0.77) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Female | 0.26 (0.16, 0.42) | 0.14 (0.08, 0.23) |
| Age (years) | ||
| 18–29 | 6.01 (3.23, 11.19) | 4.84 (2.42, 9.68) |
| 30–39 | 2.53 (1.46, 4.39) | 2.52 (1.38, 4.60) |
| 40–49 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| ≥50 | † | † |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| African American | 1.23 (0.57, 2.64) | |
| White/Other | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| HIV risk | ||
| MSM or HET reported | 1.97 (1.07, 3.64) | 1.40 (0.74, 2.65) |
| No MSM or HET reported | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Visits within the calendar year* | ||
| <3 | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| 3–6 | 0.79 (0.45, 1.39) | |
| ≥7 | 0.67 (0.34, 1.29) | |
| Mean annual CD4 count (cells/mm3) | ||
| ≥200 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 201–350 | 1.23 (0.61, 2.50) | 1.64 (0.77, 3.47) |
| >350 | 1.88 (1.05, 3.36) | 2.75 (1.44, 5.25) |
| Mean annual HIV-1 RNA (copies/mL) | ||
| ≤400 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 401–9,999 | 1.14 (0.60, 2.17) | 1.14 (0.59, 2.19) |
| ≥10,000 or missing | 1.53 (0.96, 2.44) | 1.55 (0.87, 2.76) |
| Syphilis Testing within the calendar year | ||
| Tested | 0.90 (0.59, 1.38) | |
| Not-Tested | 1.00 (Ref) | |
*
Visits included only those to an HIV and/or gynecologic provider
†
Since only 2 patients ≥50 years old had positive NG/CT tests, this category was combined with the 40–49 year-old category