Fig. 10.

Major pathways involved in survival and growth in primary neurons. Microarray analysis revealed changes in gene expression levels of many cytokines (that were mainly downregulated, in italics), and growth factors that were mainly upregulated (underlined). The data showed molecules that can induce apoptosis and cell division were downregulated, and those that can induce cell cycle block were upregulated. Many growth-promoting factors were upregulated, leading to downstream pathways that favor protein synthesis, cellular growth, and cytoskeleton rearrangements. IKβ, inhibitor of κB; IKKβ, inhibitor of κB kinase.