Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients
| All patients N=431 | Suppressed at study enrollment N=388 | Viremic at study enrollment N=43 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 325 (75%) | 291 (75%) | 34 (79%) | 0.56 |
|
| ||||
| Age, median in years (range) | 38 (21, 64) | 38 (21, 64) | 36 (25, 60) | 0.35 |
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| ||||
| Born in South Africa | 414 (96%) | 373 (96%) | 41 (95%) | 0.80 |
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| ||||
| Education | ||||
| Never been to school | 7 (2%) | 6 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 0.64 |
| Primary school | 42 (10%) | 39 (10%) | 3 (7%) | |
| Secondary school | 357 (83%) | 319 (82%) | 38 (88%) | |
| Tertiary school | 25 (6%) | 24 (6%) | 1 (2%) | |
|
| ||||
| In any form of a relationshipa | ||||
| Yes | 250 (58%) | 227 (59%) | 23 (54%) | |
| No | 181 (42%) | 161 (41%) | 20 (46%) | 0.53 |
|
| ||||
| Months on ART, at study enrollment (range) | 45 (13, 152) | 45 (13, 152) | 45 (13, 55) | 0.86 |
|
| ||||
| ART regimen | ||||
| Efavirenz containingb | 393 (91%) | 357 (92%) | 36 (94%) | |
| Stavudine containingc | 254 (59%) | 225 (58%) | 29 (67%) | 0.35 |
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| ||||
| VL prior to starting ART | ||||
| Median copies/mL (range)d | 70 870 (1 078, >500 000) | 67 315 (2 102, >500 000) | 86 718 (1 078, >500 000) | 0.48 |
|
| ||||
| CD4 prior to starting ART | ||||
| Median cells/mm3 (range) | 93 (1, 444) | 95 (1, 760) | 107 (6, 314) | 0.34 |
| Mean | 96 | 104 | 109 | 0.74 |
|
| ||||
| CD4 at study enrollment | ||||
| Median cells/mm3 (range) | 419 (16, 1 270) | 437 (119, 1 270) | 276 (16, 642) | <0.01 |
|
| ||||
| Prior exposure to ART | ||||
| No | 335 (81%) | 308 (82%) | 27 (68%) | |
| PMTCT only | 45 (11%) | 37 (10%) | 8 (20%) | 0.05 f |
| Othere | 35 (8%) | 30 (8%) | 5 (13%) | 0.21 |
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| ||||
| Exposure to sdNVP or other ART vs. no exposuree | 80 (19%) | 67 (18%) | 13 (32%) | 0.03f |
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| ||||
| WHO stage prior to starting ART | ||||
| I | 61 (21%) | 55 (20%) | 6 (25%) | |
| II | 86 (29%) | 82 (31%) | 4 (17%) | 0.32f |
| III | 137 (47%) | 123 (46%) | 14 (58%) | 1.00f |
| IV | 9 (3%) | 9 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; VL, virus load; WHO, world health organization, PMTCT, prevention mother-to-child-transmission by administrating a single dose nevirapine; N, number
a
Yes: cohabitation, married, sexual relationship, No: Single/divorced/separated/widow
b
The other drug option was nevirapine
c
The other drug option was zidovudine
d
VL done using Versant HIV-1 RNA 3.0 (Siemens Deerfield, IL, USA) bDNA technology
e
Exposure to other antiretroviral drugs prior to ART initiation
f
2-sided Fisher exact test