. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Feb 21;32(2):108–117. doi: 10.1002/jat.1639

Table 1.

Effect of thiazolidinedione ring modifications on blood urea nitrogen, urine volume and protein content, or liver and kidney weights in rats. Compounds were administered i.p. in corn oil. Controls received corn oil only (4 ml/kg). Values are means ± SE (N = 3–4). An asterisk (*) indicates that the value is significantly different (p < 0.05) from the corn oil control. Different letters within a treatment group indicate that the doses are significantly different (p < 0.05).

Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl)	Twenty-four-hour urine volume (ml)	Six-hour urine protein content (mg)	Liver weight (g/100% BW)	Kidney weight (g/ 100% BW)
Corn Oil	-	20.2 ± 2.0	3.7 ± 0.5	1.5 ± 0.4	3.49 ± 0.12	0.37 ± 0.01
DPMT	0.2	19.6 ± 0.8^a	6.5 ± 2.1^a	2.1 ± 0.7^a	3.67 ± 0.31^a	0.37 ± 0.01^a
	0.4	24.6 ± 1.3^a	8.1 ± 1.7^a	1.6 ± 0.1^a	3.81 ± 0.22^a	0.38 ± 0.01^a
	0.6	19.8 ± 2.8^a	11.6 ± 1.0*,^a	2.6 ± 0.8^a	4.03 ± 0.27^a	0.39 ± 0.01^a
	1.0	20.0 ± 2.2^a	10.8 ± 1.3*,^a	2.5 ± 0.3^a	4.10 ± 0.07^a	0.41 ± 0.01^a
DCTA	0.2	21.0 ± 1.0^b	12.5 ± 3.8^b	2.9 ± 0.9^b	3.58 ± 0.21^b	0.40 ± 0.01^b
	0.4	62.2 ± 11.2*,^c	13.1 ± 2.4^b	2.5 ± 0.4^b	3.62 ± 0.05^b	0.43 ± 0.01 *,^b,^c
	0.6	67.8 ± 17.9*,^c	9.5 ± 5.0^b	2.5 ± 1.1^b	3.46 ± 0.17^b	0.45 ± 0.01 *,^c
4-DCTD	0.2	26.8 ± 1.5^d	12.3 ± 1.7*,^c	1.8 ± 0.3^c	3.74 ± 0.23^c	0.40 ± 0.01^d
	0.4	25.6 ± 1.9^d	11.3 ± 2.2*,^c	1.6 ± 0.2^c	3.96 ± 0.18^c	0.37 ± 0.01^d
	0.6	33.8 ± 2.4*,^e	9.1 ± 1.6*,^c	1.9 ± 0.4^c	3.46 ± 0.09^c	0.41 ± 0.01^d
	1.0	42.5 ± 1.1*,^f	12.3 ± 1.0*,^c	2.8 ± 0.3^c	3.81 ± 0.15^c	0.42 ± 0.01^d
2-DCTD	0.2	23.0 ± 1.2^g	6.0 ± 0.8^d	1.6 ± 0.4^d	3.96 ± 0.10^d	0.39 ± 0.01^e
	0.4	22.3 ± 1.1^g	4.3 ± 0.3^d	1.8 ± 0.1^d	3.71 ± 0.11^d	0.38 ± 0.01^e
	0.6	23.9 ± 0.9^g	5.0 ± 0.7^d	2.2 ± 0.1^d	3.74 ± 0.11^d	0.40 ± 0.01^e
	1.0	24.4 ± 0.7^g	4.4 ± 1.3^d	2.0 ± 0.1^d	3.85 ± 0.15^d	0.37 ± 0.01^e