Table 3.
Comparison of frequency domain analysis parameters by HIV viremia categories during spontaneous breathing, paced breathing, handgrip, and tilt maneuvers
| HIV negative |
HIV positive |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Virologic suppression | Virologic nonsuppression | All HIV-positive participants | ||
| Spontaneous breathing | Low-frequency power (nu) | 63.3 (51.5, 74.7) | 65.2 (50.6, 81.4) | 56.4 (50.7, 64.1) | 57.0 (51.3, 72.7) |
| High-frequency power (nu) | 36.7 (25.3, 48.5) | 34.8 (18.6, 49.5) | 43.6 (35.9, 49.3) | 43.0 (27.3, 48.7) | |
| Low- to high-frequency power ratio | 1.7 (1.1, 3.0) | 1.9 (1.0, 4.4) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.8) | 1.3 (1.1, 2.7) | |
| Paced breathing | Low-frequency power (nu) | 32.1 (25.0, 38.2) | 42.0 (28.0, 53.7) | 35.7 (24.0, 39.5) | 39.6 (26.4, 52.4) |
| High-frequency power (nu) | 67.9 (61.8, 75.1) | 58.0 (46.3, 72.0) | 64.3 (60.5, 76.0) | 60.4 (47.6, 73.6) | |
| Low- to high-frequency power ratio | 0.5 (0.4, 0.7) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) | 0.6 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | |
| Handgrip | Low-frequency power (nu) | 66.6 (60.2, 73.4) | 64.0 (55.4, 75.9) | 67.5 (52.9, 80.5) | 65.5 (54.9, 78.5) |
| High-frequency power (nu) | 33.4 (26.7, 39.8) | 32.5 (22.6, 39.6) | 32.5 (19.6, 47.1) | 32.5 (21.1, 41.2) | |
| Low- to high-frequency power ratio | 2.0 (1.5, 2.7) | 1.9 (1.4, 3.1) | 2.1 (1.1, 4.2) | 1.9 (1.3, 5.0) | |
| Tilt | Low-frequency power (nu) | 79.9 (67.8, 85.2) | 76.0 (67.2, 82.2) | 68.8 (59.2, 82.2) | 74.5 (66.1, 81.8) |
| High-frequency power (nu) | 20.1 (14.9, 32.3) | 24.0 (17.8, 32.9) | 31.2 (17.8, 40.8) | 25.5 (18.2, 33.9) | |
| Low- to high-frequency power ratio | 4.0 (2.1, 5.9) | 3.2 (2.0, 4.6) | 2.2 (1.5, 4.7) | 2.9 (1.9, 4.5) | |
Note: Data are presented as median (Q1, Q3) deviation for the low-frequency power, high-frequency power, and low- to high-frequency power ratio. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess the differences between groups.