Table 2.
Multinomial model odds ratios for the included demographic/medical history and symptom variables for each of the four outcomes compared to patients with no adenomas, advanced adenomas or cancers
| Cancer (n = 159) |
Advanced Adenoma (n = 468) |
Adenoma Size 6 - 9 mm (n = 286) |
Adenoma Size ≤ 5 mm (n = 507) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| DEMOGRAPHIC/MEDICAL HISTORY | ||||||||
| Age | < 50 years (Reference) | 2211 | 27.0 | |||||
| 50 - 59 | 2169 | 26.4 | 6.84 (3.33, 14.06) ** | 2.54 (1.82, 3.55) ** | 1.72 (1.15, 2.55)** | 2.36 (1.70, 3.26)** | <.001 | |
| 60 - 69 | 2032 | 24.8 | 13.84 (6.77, 28.29) ** | 3.47 (2.48, 4.87) ** | 1.79 (1.19, 2.70) ** | 2.74 (1.97, 3.82)** | ||
| 70 or more | 1792 | 21.8 | 23.54 (11.43, 48.45) ** | 5.27 (3.72, 7.47) ** | 2.99 (1.98, 4.52) ** | 3.60 (2.55, 5.07) ** | ||
| Gender | Female (Reference) | 4344 | 52.9 | |||||
| Male | 3860 | 47.1 | 1.44 (1.02, 2.04)* | 1.29 (1.05, 1.57)* | 1.53 (1.19, 1.96)** | 1.37 (1.13, 1.65)** | <.001 | |
| Colonoscopy | None in last 10 years (Reference) | 3791 | 46.2 | |||||
| Previous (in last 10 years) | 4413 | 53.8 | 0.22 (0.15, 0.34) ** | 0.42 (0.33, 0.53) ** | 0.71 (0.53, 0.95)* | 0.87 (0.70, 1.09) | <.001 | |
| History of colorectal polyps | No (reference) | 6436 | 78.4 | |||||
| Yes | 1768 | 21.6 | 0.87 (0.47, 1.59) | 1.99 (1.53, 2.58) ** | 1.89 (1.39, 2.56) ** | 1.79 (1.43, 2.25) ** | <.001 | |
| Smoking Status | Non-smoker (Reference) | 4710 | 57.4 | |||||
| 4 or less pack years | 1246 | 15.2 | 0.89 (0.52, 1.55) | 0.95 (0.70, 1.30) | 0.75 (0.51, 1.12) | 0.89 (0.67, 1.19) | 0.010 | |
| 4 to 15.5 pack years | 1188 | 14.5 | 1.49 (0.95, 2.33) | 1.43 (1.09, 1.86) ** | 1.04 (0.74, 1.48) | 0.95 (0.73, 1.25) | ||
| more than 15.5 pack years | 1060 | 12.9 | 1.52 (0.98, 2.37) | 1.53 (1.17, 2.00) ** | 1.40 (1.01, 1.93)* | 1.11 (0.85, 1.45) | ||
| History of irritable bowel syndrome | No (Reference) | 7240 | 88.2 | |||||
| Yes | 964 | 11.8 | 0.45 (0.21, 0.99)* | 0.45 (0.29, 0.70) ** | 0.98 (0.66, 1.45) | 0.95 (0.71, 1.29) | 0.001 | |
| History of NSAID use | No (Reference) | 7445 | 90.7 | |||||
| Yes | 759 | 9.3 | 0.33 (0.15, 0.72) ** | 0.42 (0.28, 0.65) ** | 0.80 (0.52, 1.22) | 0.69 (0.49, 0.97)* | <.001 | |
| History of aspirin use | No (Reference) | 6874 | 83.8 | |||||
| Yes | 1330 | 16.2 | 0.54 (0.34, 0.85) ** | 0.79 (0.61, 1.02) | 1.09 (0.81, 1.48) | 0.94 (0.74, 1.20) | 0.023 | |
| Education Level | Secondary or lower (Reference) | 3721 | 45.4 | |||||
| Tertiary | 4483 | 54.6 | 0.83 (0.59, 1.17) | 0.81 (0.67, 0.99)* | 1.03 (0.81, 1.33) | 0.80 (0.66, 0.97)* | 0.044 | |
| SYMPTOMS | ||||||||
| Bleeding | No Symptom (Reference) | 5181 | 63.2 | |||||
| no other info | 64 | 0.8 | 2.35 (0.67, 8.18) | 0.51 (0.12, 2.16) | 1.52 (0.53, 4.31) | 0.22 (0.03, 1.60) | <.001 | |
| present greater 12 months | 1044 | 12.7 | 1.25 (0.68, 2.33) | 1.39 (1.03, 1.88)* | 0.67 (0.42, 1.05) | 1.04 (0.77, 1.40) | ||
| Occurring monthly or occasionally; and present less 12 months |
1226 | 14.9 | 2.00 (1.26, 3.17) ** | 1.21 (0.92, 1.60) | 1.08 (0.77, 1.52) | 1.08 (0.83, 1.42) | ||
| weekly; present less 12 months | 689 | 8.4 | 5.09 (3.26, 7.94) ** | 1.43 (1.00, 2.03) | 0.80 (0.47, 1.36) | 0.58 (0.36, 0.93)* | ||
| Mucus | No Symptom (Reference) | 6886 | 83.9 | |||||
| no other info | 131 | 1.6 | 0.43 (0.06, 3.24) | 1.01 (0.43, 2.37) | 0.27 (0.04, 1.96) | 0.55 (0.20, 1.51) | 0.001 | |
| present greater 12 months | 466 | 5.7 | 1.10 (0.43, 2.79) | 0.69 (0.39, 1.20) | 0.69 (0.35, 1.37) | 0.60 (0.36, 1.02) | ||
| Occurring monthly or occasionally; and present less 12 months |
393 | 4.8 | 1.37 (0.66, 2.84) | 0.82 (0.48, 1.42) | 1.71 (1.04, 2.82)* | 0.99 (0.62, 1.60) | ||
| Weekly; present less 12 months | 328 | 4.0 | 3.00 (1.71, 5.25) ** | 0.99 (0.57, 1.72) | 0.46 (0.17, 1.26) | 0.35 (0.14, 0.85)* | ||
| Anaemia | No (Reference) | 7383 | 90.0 | |||||
| Yes | 821 | 10.0 | 2.95 (1.96, 4.45) ** | 0.84 (0.59, 1.21) | 0.55 (0.32, 0.94)* | 0.76 (0.54, 1.09) | <.001 | |
| Fatigue | No (Reference) | 4938 | 60.2 | |||||
| Yes | 3266 | 39.8 | 1.36 (0.97, 1.91) | 0.67 (0.54, 0.83) ** | 0.80 (0.62, 1.04) | 0.90 (0.74, 1.10) | <.001 | |
Total number of patients 8204; number with no abnormality 6784.
Key ORs in bold are statistically significant
* p 0.01 - 0.05
** p < 0.01