Table 5.
Wound healing processes and healing phases of the vehicle, negative control, test ointments, and Madecassol-administered animals.
| Groups | Wound healing processes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vehicle | S | U | RE | FP | CD | MNC | PMN | NV |
| Negative control | ++/+++ | +++ | — | ++/+++ | ++ | +++ | ++/+++ | ++ |
| C. sempervirens var. horizontalis | ++/+++ | ++/+++ | — | ++/+++ | ++ | ++ | ++/+++ | ++/+++ |
| C. sempervirens var. pyramidalis | ++ | ++/+++ | — | ++ | ++ | +/++ | ++ | ++ |
| J. communis subsp. nana Syme. | ++/+++ | ++/+++ | — | ++/+++ | ++ | +/++ | ++ | +++ |
| J. excelsa | ++/+++ | ++/+++ | — | ++ | +/++ | ++ | ++ | +/++ |
| J. foetidissima | +/++ | +/++ | −/+ | ++ | +/++ | +/++ | +/++ | ++ |
| J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus | ++ | +/++ | −/+ | ++ | +/++ | +/++ | +/++ | +/++ |
| J. phoenicea | +/++ | +/++ | −/+ | ++ | +/++ | +/++ | +/++ | ++ |
| Madecassol | +/++ | −/+ | + | ++ | +/++ | + | +/++ | +/++ |
HE- and VG-stained sections were scored as mild (+), moderate (++), and severe (+++) for epidermal and/or dermal remodeling. S: scab, U: ulcer, RE: re-epithelization, FP: fibroblast proliferation, CD: collagen depositions, MNC: mononuclear cells, PMN: polymorphonuclear cells, NV: neovascularization, I: inflammation phase, P: proliferation phase, and R: remodeling phase.