Typical flash response families from (A) WT, (B) GRK1 overexpressing (Grk1+), and (C) Grk1+/− rods evoked by 500-nm flashes of 20 ms duration. Flashes of incremental intensities, in 0.5 log steps, were delivered at time 0. The dimmest flashes delivered 3.9 photons μm-2. (D) Mean fractional single photon responses (s.p.r.), a/Rmax, for WT (n = 36; black line), Grk1+ (n = 21; red line), and Grk1+/− (n = 15; blue line) rods. Single photon responses were estimated by dividing the dim flash response by the number of photoisomerizations estimated using a rod collecting area of 0.5 μm2.18 Error bars indicate SEM.