Table 2.
Apparent Permeability Coefficients (×10−6 cm/s) of the β-Blockers across Albino and Pigmented Rabbit, Porcine, and Bovine Ocular Tissues
| β-Blocker | Albino Rabbit |
Pigmented Rabbit |
Porcine |
Bovine |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sclera | Sclera-Choroid-RPE | Choroid-RPE (% Resistance)* | Sclera | Sclera-Choroid-RPE | Choroid-RPE (% Resistance)* | Sclera | Sclera-Choroid-RPE | Choroid-RPE (% Resistance)* | Sclera | Sclera-Choroid-RPE | Choroid-RPE (% Resistance)* | |
| Atenolol | 23.7 ± 4.74 (53.6) | 12.7 ± 0.87† | 27.4 (46.4) | 22.1 ± 3.97 (46.6) | 10.3 ± 1.05 | 19.3 (53.4) | 14.4 ± 2.02 (15.9) | 2.28 ± 0.34 | 2.71 (84.1) | 10.1 ± 1.04 (12.7) | 1.28 ± 0.57 | 1.47 (87.3) |
| Sotalol | 30.5 ± 7.25 (46.9) | 14.3 ± 1.01† | 26.9 (53.1) | 24.2 ± 1.28 (49.5) | 12.0 ± 1.7 | 23.8 (50.5) | 16.7 ± 2.41 (11.8) | 1.96 ± 0.38 | 2.24 (88.2) | 10.7 ± 2.81 (10.9) | 1.17 ± 0.32 | 1.31 (89.1) |
| Nadolol | 24.5 ± 6.02 (50.2) | 12.3 ± 1.57† | 24.7 (49.8) | 21.1 ± 3.1 (48.0) | 10.1 ± 1.8 | 19.4 (52.0) | 12.9 ± 5.53 (14.9) | 1.91 ± 0.20 | 2.25 (85.1) | 9.24 ± 2.37 (11.4) | 1.05 ± 0.21 | 1.18 (88.6) |
| Pindolol | 22.7 ± 7.03 (45.4) | 10.3 ± 0.71† | 18.9 (54.6) | 19.0 ± 1.93 (41.3) | 7.84 ± 0.95 | 13.4 (58.7) | 10.1 ± 0.43 (1.1) | 0.11 ± 0.024 | 0.11 (98.9) | 8.44 ± 0.27 (1.5) | 0.13 ± 0.09 | 0.13 (98.5) |
| Metoprolol | 24.0 ± 4.55 (42.9) | 10.3 ± 1.33† | 18.0 (57.1) | 18.5 ± 3.97 (43.7) | 8.1 ± 1.45 | 14.4 (56.3) | 11.3 ± 0.06 (5.5) | 0.62 ± 0.098 | 0.65 (94.5) | 8.70 ± 0.29 (4.0) | 0.38 ± 0.26 | 0.40 (96.0) |
| Timolol | 22.5 ± 5.68 (49.8) | 11.2 ± 0.68† | 22.3 (50.2) | 19.2 ± 1.38 (46.0) | 8.83 ± 1.09 | 16.4 (54.0) | 10.7 ± 0.32 (3.3) | 0.36 ± 0.025 | 0.37 (96.7) | 9.49 ± 0.39 (4.1) | 0.36 ± 0.20 | 0.37 (95.9) |
| Betaxolol | 20.8 ± 3.84 (41.4) | 8.61 ± 0.74† | 14.7 (58.6) | 15.4 ± 2.01 (40.8) | 6.27 ± 1.3 | 10.6 (59.2) | 9.05 ± 0.52 (3.2) | 0.29 ± 0.060 | 0.30 (96.8) | 8.60 ± 0.26 (2.2) | 0.19 ± 0.14 | 0.19 (97.8) |
| Propranolol | 18.8 ± 3.82 (34.4) | 6.46 ± 1.38† | 9.84 (65.6) | 13.0 ± 1.30 (36.1) | 4.7 ± 1.28 | 7.36 (63.9) | 6.13 ± 0.48 (1.6) | 0.096 ± 0.022 | 0.10 (98.4) | 6.25 ± 0.38 (0.2) | 0.013 ± 0.009 | 0.01 (99.8) |
Data are expressed as the mean ± SD for n = 6.
*
Values in the parentheses indicate the relative percentage of resistance offered by the tissue (sclera or choroid-RPE) to the permeability of the β-blocker across the SCRPE combination.
†
Significant (P < 0.05) difference compared with the corresponding pigmented rabbit tissues. Papp values for CRPE were calculated from the corresponding sclera and SCRPE permeability values.