Figure 5.

Effects of ROS scavengers on activated monocyte-induced RPE Ca²⁺ levels, ROS production, and apoptosis. (A) Fluorescent Ca²⁺ indicator–preloaded RPE cells were preincubated with or without ROS scavenger, NAC, or PDTC for 30 minutes, and then exposed to MCP-1–activated monocytes in the presence or absence of NAC or PDTC. (B) CM-H₂DCFDA-prelabeled RPE cells were preincubated with or without NAC or PDTC for 30 minutes, and then exposed to unstimulated monocytes (Control), MCP-1–activated monocytes in the presence or absence of NAC or PDTC. Fluorescence intensities were measured. (C) RPE cells were preincubated with or without ROS scavenger (PDTC or NAC) for 30 minutes, and then exposed to MCP-1–activated monocytes. The number of cells with activated caspase-3 was determined after staining with caspase-3 substrate (NucView 488; Biotium, Inc.). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3–12). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, compared with control. ^#P < 0.05, ^###P < 0.0001, compared with RPE/Mo/MCP-1.