Table 2.
Mean urinary cadmium and renal biomarker values
| Mean (95% CI) | |
|---|---|
| Cadmium, μg/l† | 0.80 (0.73 - 0.88) |
| Cadmium/creatinine, μg/g creat† | 0.76 (0.70 - 0.84) |
| KIM-1, pg/ml* | 569 (498 - 651) |
| KIM-1/creatinine, μg/g creat* | 0.55 (0.49 - 0.62) |
| α1-microglobulin, mg/l† | 3.19 (2.58 - 3.91) |
| α1-microglobulin/creatinine, mg/g creat† | 2.97 (2.42 - 3.64) |
| Proteins, mg/l* | 71.80 (63.81 - 80.80) |
| Proteins/creatinine, mg/g creat* | 66.61 (59.99 - 73.95) |
| Albumin, mg/dl* | 8.73 (7.46 - 10.21) |
| Albumin/creatinine, mg/g creat* | 8.43 (7.32 - 9.70) |
| β2-microglobulin, mg/l‡ | 0.12 (0.11 - 0.13) |
| β2-microglobulin/creatinine, mg/g creat‡ | 0.12 (0.11 - 0.13) |
| BUN, mg/dl† | 35.94 (34.47 - 37.46) |
| Urinary creatinine, mg/dl* | 104.9 (96.55 - 114.0) |
Geometric mean (95% confidence interval) of urinary cadmium and renal biomarkers. All parameters were measured in urine; except for blood urea nitrogen, which was measured in blood. † n = 152; * n = 153; ‡ n = 140.