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. 2011 Sep 19;6(9):e24660. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024660

Figure 2. Downstream target genes of the UPR are up-regulated following HCV infection.

Figure 2

HuH7.5.1 hepatoma cells were infected with HCV-JFH1. Following infection, cells were harvested and RNA was extracted at the indicated time points. (a) splicing of XBP-1 was measured by RT-PCR. Gene expression levels of (b) GADD34 (c) p58ipk (d) ERDJ4 (e) ATF3 and (f) ATF4 were determined by real-time PCR relative to b-actin. Results are means±S.D. of 3 experiments. * = p<0.05 (ANOVA, one way) versus non-infected cells.