FIG. 8.

Effect of TN on protein carbonyl formation and apoptosis (caspase-3 activity, caspase-8, pro-caspase-9, and caspase-12 expression) in cardiomyocytes from adult WT and MyAkt mice. For all panels except panel (B), murine cardiomyocytes were incubated with TN (3 μg/ml) for 5–6 h in vitro before examination. For panel (B), TN was injected (3 mg/kg, i.p. for 48 h) in vivo along with the ER stress inhibitor TUDCA (50 mg/kg, i.p.). (A) Carbonyl formation; (B) protein carbonyl expression evaluated by Western blot analysis; (C) caspase-3 activity measured by a colorimetric assay; (D) caspase-8 expression; (E) pro-caspase-9 expression; and (F) cleaved caspase-12 expression; Insets: Representative gel blots depicting expression of carbonyl, caspase-8, pro-caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-12 using specific antibodies. All protein expression was normalized to that of the loading control β-actin. Mean±SEM, n=5–8 isolations per group, *p<0.05 versus WT group; ^#p<0.05 versus WT-TN group.