Table 4.

Adjusted odds ratios for incident hypertension by slow wave sleep (SWS) quartile.

Adjusted characteristics	SWS Quartile 1	SWS Quartile 2	SWS Quartile 3	SWS Quartile 4	P value for trend
Age and BMI	1.81 (1.18, 2.80)	1.09 (0.70, 1.70)	1.15 (0.74, 1.80)	1.0 (reference)	0.012
+race, study site	1.83 (1.18, 2.85)	1.14 (0.73, 1.78)	1.18 (0.75, 1.85)	1.0	0.012
+History of CVD	1.84 (1.18, 2.87)	1.14 (0.73, 1.79)	1.17 (0.75, 1.84)	1.0	0.012
+RDI	1.86 (1.19, 2.91)	1.14 (0.73, 1.80)	1.18 (0.75, 1.85)	1.0	0.011
+ total sleep duration, %sleep time, Pao2 <80%, overall arousals and sleep efficiency	1.87 (1.18, 2.95)	1.12 (0.71, 1.77)	1.15 (0.73, 1.82)	1.0	0.013
+alcohol use and current smoking	1.82 (1.15, 2.88)	1.11 (0.70, 1.75)	1.15 (0.73, 1.82)	1.0	0.019

BMI: body mass index CVD: cardiovascular disease RDI: respiratory disturbance index, number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep, each associated with an oxygen desaturation of 4% or greater; Pao2: partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood.

^*Alcohol use denotes ≥1 drink/week. Further categorization of alcoholic drinks per week 0, <1, 1-2, 3-5, 6-13, or 14+ did not significantly change results.