TABLE I.
Ultrasound System Parameters Used in Experiments.
| Parameter/device description |
In vitro | In vivo |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound system | GE Vivid 7, Color Doppler special mode | GE Vivid 7, Color Doppler special mode |
| Catheter and array | A separate ablation catheter and a prototype 9F forward-looking ML ICE catheter array | A prototype integrated ablation catheter 9F forward-looking ML ICE catheter array |
| Sampling frequency | 20 MHz (later upsampled to 40 MHz for processing) | 20 MHz (later upsampled to 40 MHz for processing) |
| Transmit frequency | 11 MHz | 11 MHz |
| Transmit focus | 1 to 2 mm | 2 mm |
| Imaging target | Porcine heart muscle | Porcine right atrium |
| Imaging depth | 5 mm | 10 mm |
| Imaging width | 45° | 45° |
| Number of beams | 128 | 128 |
| Packet size | 8 | 8 |
| Frame rate | 32 Hz | 1 Hz |
| Temperature measurement | Thermocouple | Thermocouple embedded in the array |