Panels A, B and C are X-ray fiber diffraction images of recrystallized corn stover, poplar and switchgrass, respectively, treated with IL at 50°C (subscript 1) and 120°C (subscript 2). The biomass samples were washed with water and dried at 50°C following the IL treatment. Panels D and E are the corresponding X-ray powder diffraction patterns of biomass substrates treated with IL at 50°C and 120°C, respectively.