Treatment main effects on mean seed predation percentage. (a) B. tarairi and (b) C. laevigatus (mean of two sites). Treatments were cleaned seeds versus whole fruits, 20 m away from conspecific versus under conspecific, low seed density (four seeds) versus high seed density (20 seeds) and mammal exclusion versus open access. White, insect predation; grey, removed; black, mammal predation. Error bars are 95% confidence intervals. Asterisks indicate treatments retained in final models.