Table 1. Environmental indicators analyzed directly (top 10; see Figs. 2–3) or exceedences of thresholds (bottom 4; see Fig. 4), with corresponding spatial domains (see Fig. 1), units of measurement, and social/ecological significance.

Indicator	Spatial Domain	Metric	Significance
Air temperature	Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta	°C (annual mean)	Water supply; water & habitat quality; human health
Precipitation	Sacramento-San Joaquin watershed	mm yr−1	Water supply; water & habitat quality
Sea level height	San Francisco Bay entrance	cm	Flood risk; water & habitat quality
Unimpaired runoff	Sacramento-San Joaquin headwaters	km3 yr−1	Water supply; flood protection; reservoir operations; water & habitat quality
Snowmelt contribution	Sacramento-San Joaquin headwaters	percent (of annual runoff)	Seasonal hydrology; flood protection; water & habitat quality
Salinity	Northern San Francisco Bay	psu (April–June mean)	Estuarine habitat quality; drinking-water quality
Water temperature	Upper Sacramento River	°C (annual mean)	Habitat quality
Water temperature	Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta	°C (annual mean)	Habitat quality
Suspended sediment - constant supply	Delta, Lower Sacramento River	mg L−1 (annual mean)	Habitat & water quality; estuary geomorphology; wetland sustainability
Suspended sediment - decreasing supply	Delta, Lower Sacramento River	mg L−1 (annual mean)	Habitat & water quality; estuary geomorphology; wetland sustainability
Extreme water level	San Francisco Bay entrance	h yr−1>99.99th percentile	Flood risk
Lethal water temperature	Upper Sacramento River	months yr−1>16°C	Sustainability of winter-run Chinook salmon
Lethal water temperature	Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta	days yr−1>25°C	Sustainability of delta smelt
Floodplain inundation	Yolo Bypass	flow>113 m3 s−1, duration>29 d	Ecosystem restoration (floodplain habitat management)