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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 18.
Published in final edited form as: J Proteomics. 2011 May 15;74(12):2691–2702. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.05.013

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Synergistic interaction between genetic and environmental factors, leading to inactivation of ALDH2 and its isozymes. Various environmental factors (including viral/bacterial infections as listed above) and genetic factors (including SNP and copy number variation) synergistically interact and increase oxidative/nitrosative stress, which promotes various PTMs, leading to inactivation of ALDH2 and other ALDH isozymes.