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. 2011 Mar 11;25(6):675–681. doi: 10.1038/eye.2011.24

Table 1. Disease processes that can cause PCNM, divided into five distinct categories.

Degenerative Inflammatory Optic nerve malformations Neoplastic Vascular Other
ARMD Birdshot retinochoroidopathy Multiple evanescent white-dot syndrome (this is inflammatory Choroidal naevi Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy Idiopathic
Angiod streaks Chronic uveitis (only one case described in 1980) Morning glory disc syndrome (one documented case) Choroidal osteoma    
Degenerative myopia Peripapillary choroiditis (3 cases documented) Optic nerve drusen Malignant melanoma (1 case noted)    
LASER photocoagulation scars (rare; usually in the setting of angiod streaks) Peripheral uveitis (only one case documented in 1985) Optic nerve pits      
Traumatic choroidal ruptures Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) Pseudotumour cerebri      
  Sarcoidosis Retinochoroidal colobomas      
  Serpiginous choroiditis Tilted disc syndrome (3 documented cases only)