HS dependence and E2 gene sequences of selected alphaviruses. (A) Relative infectivity of various normal (VEEV, CHIKV) or chimeric (SV, EEEV, WEEV, RRV) replicons for WT CHOK1 cells (filled boxes) or HS-deficient pgsA745 cells (open boxes). Infectivity of each replicon for CHOK1 cells was set to 100%. Error bars are SDs. *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001. (B) Comparison of the amino acid sequences of the indicated SV, RRV, CHIKV, VEEV, WEEV, WT EEEV, and mutant 71-77 EEEV strains between amino acids 67 and 82 of the mature E2 glycoprotein. Positively charged residues are shown in red. Substitution mutations to positively charged residues (24, 28, *) that confer HS binding to cell culture-adapted strains of SV, VEEV, or CHIKV are shown above the sequences.