Table 2.
The antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts of lichens Parmelia sulcata, Flavoparmelia caperata and Evernia prunastri.
| Species | Parmelia sulcata | Flavoparmelia caperata | Evernia prunastri | Doxycycline | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIC * | MMC * | MIC * | MMC * | MIC * | MMC * | MIC * | MMC * | |
| Sarcina lutea | 3.13 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 7.81 × 10−2 | <4.48 × 10−4 | 3.75 ×10−3 |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 7.81 × 10−3 | 6.25 × 10−2 |
| Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 7.81 × 10−3 | 6.25 × 10−2 |
| Bacillus subtilis | 1.56 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 1.95 × 10−2 | 3.91 × 10−2 | 3.91 × 10−2 | 3.91 × 10−2 | 1.12 × 10−4 | 1.95 × 10−3 |
| Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 1.95 × 10−2 | 1.95 × 10−2 | 3.91 × 10−2 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 1.95 × 10−3 | 3.13 × 10−2 |
| Bacillus cereus | 3.13 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 3.91 × 10−2 | 3.91 × 10−2 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 7.81 × 10−2 | 9.77 × 10−4 | 7.81 × 10−3 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 3.13 × 10−1 | 1.25 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 4.48 × 10−4 | 7.81 × 10−3 |
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 3.13 × 10−1 | 1.56 × 10−1 | 6.25 × 10−1 | 2.24 × 10−4 | 3.75 × 10−3 |
| Escherichia coli | 5.00 | 5.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 7.81 × 10−3 | 1.56 × 10−2 |
| Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 1.56 × 10−2 | 3.13 × 10−2 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2.50 | 5.00 | 2.50 | 10.00 | 2.50 | 10.00 | 2.50 × 10−1 | 2.50 × 10−1 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 | 6.25 × 10−1 | 5.00 | 6.25 × 10−1 | 10.00 | 2.50 | 20.00 | 6.25 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−1 |
| Proteus mirabilis | 5.00 | 5.00 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 2.50 × 10−1 |
| Salmonella enterica | 5.00 | 5.00 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 1.56 × 10−2 | 3.13 × 10−2 |
| Salmonella typhymirium | 5.00 | 5.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 1.56 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−1 |
*
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) values for lichen extracts and antibiotic are given as mg/mL. Antibiotic: Doxycycline.