Table 2.

Microorganisms causing 200 episodes of IE among patients admitted to the Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung, Taiwan over a five-year period (2004 to 2009)

Pathogens	All	Community-acquired IE		Healthcare-associated IE
	N = 200	non-IVDU n = 89	IVDU n = 59	non-nosocomial n = 30	nosocomial IE n = 22
Staphylococci, n (%)	115 (57.5)	21 (23.6)	54 (91.5)	23 (76.7)	17 (77.3)
MSSA	65	15	42	8	0
MRSA	44	2	12	13	17
Coagulase-negative Staphylococci	6	4	0	2	0
Streptococci, n (%)	57 (28.5)	50 (56.2)	1 (1.7)	4 (13.3)	2 (9.1)
Viridans streptococci	38	35	0	3	0
Streptococcus bovis	9	8	0	1	0
Streptococcus agalactiae	5	3	1	0	1
Streptococcus pyogenes	1	1	0	0	0
Streptococcus pneumoniae	1	1	0	0	0
NVS	3	2	0	0	1
Enterococci, n (%)	9 (4.5)	5 (5.6)	0 (0)	3 (10.0)	1 (4.5)
Enterococcus faecalis	8	5	0	2	1
Enterococcus faecium	1	0	0	1	0
Gram negative bacilli, n (%)	3 (1.5)	0 (0)	2 (3.4)	0 (0)	1 (4.5)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1	0	1	0	0
Chryseobacterium indologenes	1	0	0	0	1
Enterobacter cloacae	1	0	1	0	0
HACEK group, n (%)	2 (1.0)	2 (2.2)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans	1	1	0	0	0
Haemophilus parainfluenzae	1	1	0	0	0
Others, n (%)	6 (3.0)	5 (5.6)	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Rothia dentocariosa	2	1	1	0	0
Finegoldia magna	1	1	0	0	0
Lactococcus lactis	1	1	0	0	0
Lactococcus gravieae	1	1	0	0	0
Candida albicans	1	1	0	0	0
Culture negative, n (%)	8 (4.0)	6 (6.7)	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	1 (4.5)

IE, infective endocarditis; IVDU, intravenous drug user; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; NVS, nutritionally variant streptococci; HACEK, Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, Kingella species