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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Early Hum Dev. 2011 Jun 8;87(10):663–669. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.05.006

Table 3.

Muscle strength values before and after training

LOWPI HIGHPI 1 P-values
A. Unadjusted mean values
 Gripstrength-pre, kg 27.11 ± 1.24 29.68 ± 1.37 0.177
 Gripstrength-post, kg 27.57 ± 1.00 30.69 ± 1.65 0.112
 Δ Gripstrength, kg 0.46 ±0.95 0.88 ± 0.52 0.707
 MVC-pre, kg 28.4 ± 1.6 29.4 ± 1.0 0.435
 MVC-post, kg 29.9 ± 1.4 31.6 ± 1.6 0.597
 2 Δ MVC, kg 1.5 ± 0.8 2.2 ± 0.9 0.557
B. Marginal means adjusted for FFM
 Gripstrength-pre, kg 26.84 ± 1.12 30.10± 1.20 0.059
 Gripstrength-post, kg 27.30 ± 1.13 30.99 ± 1.17 0.025
 Δ Gripstrength, kg 0.46 ± 0.78 0.89 ± 0.81 0.708
 MVC-pre, kg 28.2 ± 1.2 30.0 ± 1.3 0.396
 MVC-post, kg 29.6 ± 1.4 32.0 ± 1.4 0.230
 Δ MVC, kg 1.4 ± 0.9 2.0 ± 0.9 0.521
1

P-values from ANCOVA.

2

ANCOVA models testing for change (Δ) control for the pre-training value.