Table 5.
Gender-specific adjusted odds ratios for GERD associated factors
| Associated factor | Gender | Odds ratio (95%CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GERD | Asymptomatic ERD | Symptomatic ERD | NERD | ||
| Age | M | – | – | 0.99 (0.98–1.02) | – |
| F | 1.02 (1.00–1.04)a | 1.05 (0.99–1.08) | 1.10 (1.00–1.16) | – | |
| BMI | M | – | 1.06 (1.00–1.11)a | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | – |
| F | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 1.09 (0.98–1.23) | – | – | |
| Hiatus hernia (positive) | M | 5.48 (3.88–7.83)a | 6.80 (4.53–10.20)a | 12.07 (5.52–26.39)a | – |
| F | 2.20 (1.53–3.13)a | 9.95 (4.27–23.14)a | 27.87 (3.40–228.40)a | – | |
| Atrophy (open) | M | – | 0.51 (0.35–0.75)a | – | 1.29 (0.94–1.77) |
| F | – | – | – | – | |
| Hours of sleep | M | – | – | – | 0.85 (0.72–0.99)a |
| F | – | – | – | – | |
| Exercise | M | – | – | 0.72 (0.45–1.20) | – |
| F | 0.61 (0.43–0.85)a | – | – | 0.69 (0.48–0.98)a | |
| Smoker | M | 1.21 (0.96–1.51) | 1.32 (0.95–1.81) | 2.00 (1.26–3.18)a | – |
| F | – | – | – | – | |
GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease, ERD erosive reflux disease, NERD non-erosive reflux disease, BMI body mass index, M male, F female
Values given as odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
aSignificant associated factors determined by multivariate analysis with logistic regression analysis (P value <0.05)