Table 2.
Overview of the risk factors
| Risk factor | With HD no. (%) | Without HD no. (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| All subjects N = 216 | 83 (38.4) | 133 (61.6) | |
| FECD | 33 (39.8) | 39 (29.3) | 0.14 |
| Age Mean, SD | 77.1 ± 7.8 | 71.1 ± 8.9 | 0.00 |
| Gender Male | 40 (48.2) | 65 (48.9) | 1.0 |
| Noise exposure | 16 (19.3) | 13 (9.8) | 0.06 |
| Ototoxic medication | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 0.38 |
| Ear historya | 12 (14.5) | 10 (7.5) | 0.11 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 (14.5) | 13 (9.8) | 0.38 |
| Smoking | 51 (61.4) | 72 (54.1) | 0.32 |
| Level of education | |||
| Primary | 26 (31.7) | 27 (20.5) | |
| Middle | 27 (32.9) | 48 (36.4) | 0.17 |
| High | 29 (35.4) | 57 (43.2) | |
a
Note: Ear and hearing-related medical history.
Abbreviations: FECD, Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy; HD, hearing disability; SD, standard deviation.