Table 1.
Characteristics of the cohort
| N = 19 | Baseline | Post- intervention | 12-month follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.2 ± 6.0 | – | – |
| Age at menopause (years) | 49.2 ± 7.1 | – | – |
| Years since menopause (years) | 12.0 ± 8.8 | – | – |
| Body weight gain since menopause (kg) | 10.7 ± 5.6 | – | – |
| Body weight (kg) | 79.3 ± 11.1 | 69.2 ± 10.2* | 71.8 ± 12.4‡ |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.8 ± 4.0 | 27.5 ± 3.8* | 28.7 ± 4.9‡ |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 98.6 ± 8.7 | 88.0 ± 7.4* | 93.1 ± 10.0‡ |
| Total fat mass (kg) | 36.7 ± 8.4 | 27.8 ± 8.1* | 30.5 ± 9.4‡ |
| Trunk fat mass (kg) | 18.6 ± 3.9 | 12.9 ± 3.7* | 14.0 ± 4.5‡ |
| Appendicular fat mass (kg) | 17.1 ± 4.6 | 14.1 ± 4.4* | 15.6 ± 5.1‡ |
| Total lean body mass (kg) | 40.3 ± 4.5 | 39.1 ± 3.8* | 39.0 ± 4.1 |
| Absolute RMR (kcal/day) | 1,170 ± 186 | 1,209 ± 198 | 1,270 ± 192 |
| Relative RMR (kcal/kg of lean body mass) | 29.1 ± 3.9 | 30.8 ± 3.9 | 32.5 ± 3.7 |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 1,875 ± 490 | 1,539 ± 340* | 1,410 ± 277 |
| Total carbohydrates (g) | 236.5 ± 69.2 | 199.7 ± 43.3* | 175.0 ± 32.4 |
| Total proteins (g) | 86.0 ± 21.3 | 79.1 ± 20.9 | 70.9 ± 13.0 |
| Total fat (g) | 66.6 ± 23.2 | 47.5 ± 18.5* | 45.0 ± 14.3 |
| Trans fat (g) | 0.49 ± 0.46 | 0.38 ± 0.88* | 0.52 ± 1.0 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 19.9 ± 9.5 | 14.2 ± 6.6* | 12.1 ± 5.2 |
| Monounsaturated fat (g) | 24.6 ± 9.6 | 14.7 ± 6.2* | 15.4 ± 6.2 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 12.8 ± 6.5 | 8.3 ± 3.6* | 8.7 ± 3.5 |
| Estimated daily energy expenditure (kcal/day) | 2,084 ± 448 | 1,956 ± 426 | 1,747 ± 304‡ |
Notes: Data are presented as means ± SD. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to measure the intervention effect between baseline and post-intervention and post-intervention and 12-month follow-up.
*
Significant difference between post-intervention and baseline values, P < 0.05;
‡
significant difference between 12-month follow-up and post-intervention values, P < 0.05.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; RMR, resting metabolic rate.