Figure 2.

Rice AG Family Gene Mutant Phenotypes.

(A) Wild-type mature rice flower.

(B) Mads3-4 mutant flower. The arrow indicates the more severely affected palea-side stamen.

(C) Mild mads3-3 mutant phenotype. The arrow indicates the third-whorl ectopic lodicule replacing the palea-side stamen.

(D) Severe mads3-3 mutant phenotype.

(E) Mads3-3/+ mads21 mads58 mutant flower showing no phenotype.

(F) Mads3-3 mads58/+ flower.

(G) Mads3-3 mads58 double mutant. A palea-like organ developed in place of the carpel toward the lemma side (arrow).

(H) Mads3-4 mads58 double mutant. Rarely, like in this picture, the palea-like organ does not develop at the lemma side (arrow).

(I) Mads3-3 mads13 mads58 triple mutant showing an increased development of the palea-like organ.

(J) and (K) Mads3-3 mads13 (J) and mads13 mads58 (K) double mutants.

(L) Mads3-3 mads13/+ mads58/+ flower. After producing a few ectopic carpelloid structures, the indeterminate FM switched to the differentiation of ectopic lodicule primordia (arrow).

To show the inner whorls, lemma and palea were partially or completely removed. In all of the pictures, the asterisk marks the second whorl lodicule, whereas the arrowheads in (G), (J), and (L) indicate the visible indeterminate FM. Bars = 100 μm.